Prediction of disease by blood'LV film'Development'Liquid biopsy'Technical Commercialization Advancement'
Jul 31, 2024
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Currently, the standard test method used for disease diagnosis and monitoring is tissue biopsy. It is a method of observing the tissue by removing it through surgery or procedure, and it is burdensome to the patient because the tissue must be approached invasively. In some cases, biopsy is not possible depending on the disease and patient situation. In addition, even with the same tumor, heterogeneity exists in which biological characteristics differ depending on the collection location.
Liquid biopsy is emerging as an alternative to compensate for the limitations of these tissue biopsies. It is a method of using body fluids such as blood, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid, and DNA mutations can be confirmed only by simple body fluid collection.
The research team developed a hydrogel film that absorbs liquid (distilled water) and grows. When a liquid sample containing body fluids such as blood, spinal cord fluid, and saliva was absorbed into the LV film, the culture and hardening process were repeated, the film was expanded up to nine times but was as thin as 1.25 mm. Thanks to this, antibody penetration is high, allowing clear observation of cell nucleus and cytoskeleton structure without antibody diffusion.
The research team attempted miRNA ultra-resolution imaging analysis by applying LV film to body fluids (blood, urine) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), spinal cord injury (SCI), and diabetic kidney disease (DN). As a result, it was possible to detect and quantify ultra-high-resolution imaging of miR-206-3p in peripheral blood cells (PBMCs) in patients with Alzheimer's disease and spinal cord injury.
In addition, LV film was used to analyze the difference in miRNA expression in blood before and after surgery in patients with myelopathy. As a result, we found increased expression of specific miRNAs (miR-206-3p, miR-181b-5p, miR-26b, miR-27b-3p) in the blood of patients with spinal cord disease before surgery. We found a decrease in miR-206-3p and an increase in miR-206-5p after surgery, and the same pattern was confirmed in animal model blood.
Experimental results with LV films were consistent with other previous studies, demonstrating that LV films are suitable for detecting small amounts of miRNA present in cells. In particular, it is very useful for controlling the scalability of hydrogels and quantifying precision imaging of small molecules such as miRNA, which is expected to be suitable for long-term experiments such as building libraries through large-scale screening research.
Professor Park Jung-yoon said, `We expect this study to advance the practical use of liquid biopsy technology. LV film enables high-resolution visualization of miRNAs present in cells. As miRNA can be detected with higher accuracy and sensitivity, it will be of great help not only in detecting subtle changes, but also in diagnosing, prognosis, and predicting diseases."
Meanwhile, this paper was published in Advanced Healthcare Materials, an international academic journal specializing in nanomedicine and biomaterials under the title of 'Customized Hydrogel Films for MicroRNA Super-Resolution Imaging in Liquid Biopsies' for MicroRNA Super-Resolution Imaging of Liquid Biopsies in Liquid Biopsies'.
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