Anaerobic exercise is more effective against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases than aerobic exercise
Aug 21, 2024
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A research team led by Lee Ji-won, a family medicine professor at Severance Hospital, Song Yoo-hyun, a health check-up professor at Gangnam Severance Hospital, Dr. Lee Ye-ji, a medical life system information class at Yonsei University School of Medicine, and Kim Min-hyo, vice president of Park Joon-hyung's internal medicine department, published the results of this study on adults and adolescents in 『BMC Public Health』 and 『Korean Journal of Family Medicine』, respectively.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about two-thirds of the world's causes of death are cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Exercise is essential to reduce the risk of death. Exercise can be largely divided into aerobic and anaerobic exercises. Aerobic exercise improves serum lipid levels, blood pressure, and cardiopulmonary endurance, and anaerobic exercise improves insulin sensitivity and muscle strength.
The World Health Organization recommends that adults aged 18 to 64 do more than 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week, or at least 75 minutes of high-intensity aerobic exercise per week as an alternative, and at least two days per week for anaerobic exercise. Adolescent exercise is also an effective way to prevent chronic diseases in adulthood.
The research team investigated how aerobic and anaerobic exercises affect cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, and metabolic disease in adolescents aged 12 to 18.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 13,971 adults and 1,222 teenagers were divided into four groups: a group that does both exercises, anaerobic, aerobic, and non-exercise.
In the adult group, the order of low risk of developing metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension was one group, an anaerobic exercise group, aerobic exercise group, and all were safe. When comparing the anaerobic and aerobic exercise groups, the anaerobic exercise groups showed lower levels in body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol, and insulin resistance. The anaerobic exercise group had a lower waist circumference of 2.1 cm, blood pressure of 1.7 mmHg, cholesterol of 3.0 mg/㎗, blood sugar of 2.51 mg/㎗, and insulin of 0.41 IU/L than the aerobic exercise group.
In terms of disease prevalence, the anaerobic exercise group showed excellent results. The anaerobic exercise group had 31%, 27%, 19%, and 20% lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
Similar results were found in the youth group. The group with only anaerobic exercise had lower cholesterol and lower density cholesterol levels than the group with only aerobic exercise. Cholesterol and low-density cholesterol levels were 10.2 mg/㎗ and 8.5 mg/㎗ lower.
Professor Lee Ji-won emphasized that `The group that only exercised anaerobic in both adults and adolescents had a lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases than the group that exercised only aerobic exercise.' `So far, only the importance of aerobic exercise has been emphasized, but this study proved the metabolic benefits of anaerobic exercise, and it is important to balance the two exercises as one group showed the best results.'
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