Development of a new artificial hip arthroplasty to prevent postoperative dislocation
Aug 13, 2024
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The hip joint is a joint in the area where the thigh bone (the femur) and the pelvic bone meet, and is an organ that plays a pivotal role in our body's upright walking. When the hip joint is damaged by fractures or arthritis, it is known that basic daily life such as standing up and walking is difficult, and in the elderly, the mortality rate is higher than that of some cancers when the hip joint is fractured due to falls.
These hip fractures often occur in the form of fractures of the femoral neck of the thigh bone, which has been weakened by osteoporosis, etc., especially in old age, and at this time, the damaged head is removed and replaced with an artificial joint. It is distinguished from total hip arthroplasty, which replaces all the joint cartilage on the pelvic side, and is the most commonly performed hip surgery method.
The problem is that despite the fact that the scope of surgery is not as large as that of total replacement surgery and that the technique has developed rapidly, there is still a risk of aftereffects such as hip dislocation. In particular, hip dislocation is often not solved even after reoperation, and it causes serious deterioration of quality of life, which is considered a representative complication to be careful after hip surgery.
In response, Professor Lee Young-kyun's team developed a so-called 'PAICO hip arthroplasty' in which the lower part of the joint sac wrapped around the head is incised and replaced with an artificial joint to prevent dislocation after surgery. Based on the fact that the existing method of cutting and approaching the upper part of the joint sac damages the weight-supporting joint tissue, causing an upward dislocation, the operation is performed by incising the lower part away from the center of the joint sac.
The research team analyzed patients who underwent Paiko hip replacement surgery at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital in 2021 and compared them with the average of seven medical institutions nationwide, and found that the dislocation rate within a year after surgery was zero, a significant decrease compared to the control group (1.5%) that applied the existing surgery method. In addition, ▶ osteolysis ▶ peripheral fracture ▶ infection were not observed, and the average hospitalization period was 11.4 days, which was reduced by about a week from the control group (18.4 days).
The study is significant in that it has developed a new surgical method that significantly reduces aftereffects such as dislocation, the biggest complication in artificial hip arthroplasty, and is expected to be expanded to standard treatment as it can be easily learned by experienced hip specialists because it is similar to the existing surgical method.
Professor Lee Young-kyun of orthopedic surgery at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital said, "The key to preventing dislocation in artificial hip arthroplasty is that the upper muscles and soft tissues of the joint sac recover quickly and fix the bonehead after surgery. "The new surgical method can prevent dislocation with less damage to the upper muscles and soft tissues than the existing surgical method.
"," he said.
Meanwhile, the study was published in the international journal of the Korean Orthopedic Surgery Association 'Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery'.
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bellho@sportschosun.com
