The middle-aged population is in danger
Nov 17, 2024
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◇ chest pain when moving, what if resting improves? suspected coronary narrowing angina
Anxiety is a disease that causes chest pain because the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart are narrowed or blocked by arteriosclerosis, and the blood supply is not smooth. Arteriosclerosis is known to begin in the 20s and progresses with age, and symptoms appear when the blood vessels narrow by more than 70%.
The main symptoms are chest pain or shortness of breath during exercise. The pattern of pain varies, including squeezing, tightening or stiffening, and frustrating and crushing. These symptoms may be more likely to occur in cold weather or after meals, and when there is psychological stress.
To diagnose angina, exercise load tests, nuclear medicine imaging tests, coronary CT, and coronary angiography can be performed. Treatment is largely performed by drug treatment, procedures, and surgery. It prescribes blood pressure medication to reduce symptoms in all angina patients. If symptoms are still present enough to be uncomfortable in life despite medication, coronary intervention procedures such as coronary angiography can be performed. Coronary artery bypass, an operation that bypasses narrow blood vessel areas using veins and arteries that are not widely used for patients with difficult procedures or clinical benefits, can be performed.
◇Sudden chest pain? Cardiovascular congestion 'Myocardial infarction'Caution
Myocardial infarction is a disease that causes chest pain that occurs suddenly without any obvious precursor symptoms. Like angina, the thickened arteriosclerotic plaque in blood vessels ruptures, and blood clots called 'Pi-Tteok' block cardiovascular vessels, and the heart muscle is quickly damaged because blood supply to the heart is not smooth. Once myocardial infarction occurs, a third of the patients reportedly die before arriving at the hospital. Even if they arrived at the hospital and received active treatment, the mortality rate reached 5-10%.
When you arrive at the hospital through the emergency room, you should first check atherosclerotic thrombosis with coronary angiography, and then proceed with coronary intervention procedures that penetrate blocked blood vessels. The later the treatment is, the higher the mortality rate, so the key is to minimize myocardial damage and sequelae with rapid treatment.
◇Difficulty breathing when lying down or exercising? a structural and functional abnormality in the heart
Heart failure is a disease that does not meet the desired cardiac output from the body due to structural and functional abnormalities in the heart. The main symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid fatigue, and swelling, and the symptoms are characterized by being worse when lying down or exercising. Difficulty in breathing is often expressed as 'I'm out of breath when I walk', and in severe cases, there is also a symptom of 'left breathing' that makes it easier to breathe only when you are out of breath and sit down.
To diagnose heart failure, echocardiography is performed to evaluate the structure and function of the heart, and blood tests to evaluate biomarkers (BNPs, pro-BNPs, etc.) that rise when the heart is burdened. In order to treat heart failure, treatment for the heart disease that causes it must be preceded. Subsequently, lifestyle control, medication, procedures, and surgical treatment can be performed. If there is a structural problem with the heart, coronary angioplasty, heart valve procedure and surgery, implantable defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization treatment are performed. Recently, left ventricular assistive device (LVAD) insertion and heart transplantation treatment that helps the heart act as a pump are also being performed.
◇What is your irregular palpitations? Watch out for arrhythmia with high risk of cerebral infarction
If the heart beats abnormally slow or fast, chances are high that it will be 'arrhythmia'. The heart contracts and beats through electrical signals, and if there is an abnormality in the path and location of the electrical signal transmission of the heart, the symptoms of beating slower or faster than the normal heartbeat (50 to 90 times per minute) occur.
Arrhythmia is dangerous because it can also cause cerebral infarction or sudden death. In particular, if tachycardia occurs in the ventricle, the first symptoms may appear as sudden death. If the most severe third-degree block of bradycardia occurs in the atrial nodule (the electrical connection site of the atrium and ventricle), it can cause sudden death with ventricular arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation, in which the heart beats irregularly, can also lead to cerebral infarction and is very dangerous.
To diagnose arrhythmia, it is important to check the electrocardiogram when symptoms are present. 'Current arrhythmia' performs a 'Holter test' which monitors the ECG for 24 hours or a week. Paroxysmal arrhythmia is an easy and fast self-diagnostic method to point out the pulse on your own when you have symptoms because it is difficult to diagnose.
To treat atrial fibrillation, electrical defibrillation, procedures, surgical treatment, etc. are first performed based on drug treatment. In the case of drug treatment, anticoagulants and antiarrhythmic drugs to relieve symptoms are used to prevent stroke. Electrode catheter resection is performed by heating high frequency in areas that need to be removed using electrode ceramics in the heart through the femoral vein. In addition, electrical circuit-blocking treatment that causes atrial fibrillation can be performed after open-heart surgery to open the chest.
Professor Park Hyun-woo said, `Even if symptoms are alleviated through various treatments, these diseases can happen again at any time if the cardiovascular health habits are not changed. Risk factors for heart diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking must be controlled, and when symptoms occur, it is important to increase the quality of life and survival rate through active treatment and constant lifestyle management."
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bellho@sportschosun.com
