"Using secreted DNA from tumors, preventing cancer metastasis and recurrence"
Dec 13, 2024
|
A research team led by Kim Han-sang, a professor of oncology at Yonsei Cancer Hospital, and David Ryden, a professor of Cornell Medical School, announced on the 13th that they have identified the principle of DNA in extracellular vesicles and confirmed the effect of this DNA to prevent cancer recurrence and metastasis by causing an immune response in human tissues.
Cells secrete small membrane endoplasmic reticulum or particles in various ways to maintain function and signal transmission, which is called extracellular endoplasmic reticulum. Cell membrane endoplasmic reticulum and particles include a variety of biomolecular substances, including DNA, miRNA, mRNA, and proteins, which are known to interact between cells by reaching target cells and exchanging substances. However, it is not known how DNA containing genetic information is contained in the extracellular vesicles, its biological significance, and its effect on cancer metastasis.
The research team conducted a full-length dielectric analysis using CRISPR gene scissors to find out the principle of DNA being contained in extracellular vesicles.
As a result of the analysis, 70% of the DNA contained in the extracellular vesicles was attached to the outside and 30% was present inside, centering on the membrane structure of the extracellular vesicles. DNA was packaged in histones, a key component of gene expression control, and the research team estimated that DNA contained in extracellular vesicles would induce an immune response in the human body. In addition, representative genes involved in the process of containing DNA in extracellular vesicles were identified as APAF1 and NCF1, which are known to affect immune development in the human body.
The research team analyzed cancer recurrence in tissues of patients with stage 2-3 colon cancer in order to check whether DNA contained in extracellular vesicles induces an immune response. As a result, the group with a lot of DNA contained in the extracellular vesicles had significantly less cancer recurrence due to metastasis, with 4% (2 of 52) and 25% (13 of 53) in the group with a small amount of DNA.
In addition, the liver metastasis mouse model also confirmed that DNA from extracellular vesicles secreted from tumors is ingested by Cooper cells, a macrophage, in the liver to induce DNA damage reactions, secrete cytokines that control immune responses, and form a tertiary lymphoid structure in the liver to prevent cancer metastasis.
Professor Kim Han-sang said, `This study confirmed that DNA secreted from tumors has the effect of preventing cancer metastasis by causing an immune response to metastatic tissue organs"We expect that follow-up research using extracellular vesicles will increase the possibility of developing cancer treatments" he said.
On the other hand, this study was conducted with the support of the Korea Research Foundation's mid-sized research and the K-MEDI Convergence Talent Training Support Project by the Korea Health Industry Promotion Agency. The findings were recently published in 'Nature Cancer'.
|
This article was translated by Naver AI translator.
